Evaluation of Price-sensitive Loads' Impacts on LMP and Market Power Using LMP Decomposition

Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach for evaluating impacts of price-sensitive loads on electricity price and market power. To accomplish this aim an analytical method along with agent-based computational economics are used. At first, Nash equilibrium is achieved by computational approach of Q-learning then based on the optimal bidding strategies of GenCos, which are figured out by Q-learning, ISO's social welfare maximization is restated considering demand side bidding. In this research, it was demonstrated that Locational Marginal Price (LMP) at each node of system can be decomposed into five components. The first constitutive part is a constant value for the respective bus, while the next two components are related to GenCos and the last two parts are associated to Load Serving Entities (LSEs). Market regulators can acquire valuable information from the proposed LMP decomposition. First, sensitivity of electricity price at each bus and Lerner index of GenCos to the bidding strategies and maximum price- sensitive demand of LSEs are revealed through weighting coefficients of the last two terms in the decomposed LMP. Moreover, the decomposition of LMP expresses contribution of LSEs to the electricity price. The simulation results on two test systems confirm the capability of the proposed approach.