Abstract
Prevention of type 2 diabetes is enabled by identification and effective management of risk factors. To evaluate the predominant risks for type 2 diabetes and identify persons at highest risk in a population; to facilitate the understanding of implications for practice. Cross-sectional survey using Canadian diabetes risk assessment questionnaire was conducted among non-diabetic persons who visited two secondary hospitals. SPSS version 18 was used for data analysis. A total of 300 respondents participated in the study, with 25.7% having family history of type 2 diabetes, while 160 (53.3%) were at high risk of developing the disease. Males (62.5%), overweight (65.1%) and obese (82.6%) participants, were at higher risk. Others found to be at high risk were respondents with high waist circumference (55.6%), respondents who did not exercise (77.0%), those who did not eat fruits/vegetable daily (54.4%), those with high blood pressure (67.5%) and those who have had raised blood sugar in the past (71.0%). Majority of the study participants was at high risk for type 2 diabetes, male participants had higher risks and lifestyles/habits were the major risks for developing the disease..
Highlights
Chronic diseases including diabetes have been major determinants of quality of life and have created high disease burden in several people
This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with higher risks for type 2 diabetes and persons with highest risk; among patients visiting the general outpatients’ department in the secondary health facilities, for effective and targeted primary prevention approach
Section B consisted of 20 questions according to Canadian diabetes risk assessment questionnaire (CANRISK), arranged in an ordinal format of yes, no, don’t know, everyday and not every day, which was analysed by the addition of the points 11
Summary
Chronic diseases including diabetes have been major determinants of quality of life and have created high disease burden in several people. Nigeria is said to be undergoing epidemiological transition where double burden of infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases is seen[10], and this is mainly attributed to lifestyle changes. It is necessary to evaluate the prevailing predisposing lifestyles for the risk of type 2 diabetes in the population. Conclusion: Majority of the study participants was at high risk for type 2 diabetes, male participants had higher risks and lifestyles/habits were the major risks for developing the disease. Evaluation of predominant risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus among out-patients in two Nigerian secondary health facilities.
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