Abstract
<p class="Abstract">This study was conducted to provide the evidence for the mechanism of anti-diabetic activity of <em>Cocculus orbiculatus, Leea indica</em> and <em>Ventilago maderaspatana</em>. This was accomplished by employing methods like uptake of glucose, glycogen synthesis and inhibition of α-glucosidase. For uptake of glucose, diaphragms were dissected out in Tyrode solution with 2% glucose and assayed for glucose content. In glycogen synthesis methodology liver, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscles were isolated, homogenized and glycogen content was analyzed. In α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition procedure involved estimation of α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. All the three plant extracts exhibited significant (p&lt;0.05 - p&lt;0.01) anti-diabetic activity by increasing glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis and inhibiting α-glucosidase enzyme. Among the three plants, <em>V. maderaspatana</em> (500 mg/kg) exhibited higher glucose uptake, glycogen content and α-glucosidase inhibition activity (IC<sub>50</sub> 145 µg/mL). The present experimental results evidenced the anti-diabetic activity of three plants by all the three mechanisms.</p><p> </p>
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by impaired production of insulin and/or diminished stimulation of insulin sensitive peripheral tissues associated with a marked decrease in glucose uptake and metabolism in response to insulin
Phytochemical analysis of L. indica exhibited the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins and saponins
We investigated the mechanism for anti-diabetic activity of three plants
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by impaired production of insulin and/or diminished stimulation of insulin sensitive peripheral tissues associated with a marked decrease in glucose uptake and metabolism in response to insulin. It is highly preferred to explore modern anti-diabetic agents from natural sources that stimulate glucose uptake/. The pivotal enzyme for carbohydrate digestion is glucosidase. This is a therapeutic target for the modulation of postprandial hyperglycemia, the earliest abnormality that occurs in NIDDM (Kim et al, 2005). -Glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose, miglitol and voglibose reduce postprandial hyperglycemia by inhibiting the activity of carbohydrate digesting enzymes and delaying glucose absorption. The present investigation was aimed to ascertain in vivo anti-diabetic activity by methods such as glucose uptake activity using isolated rat diaphragm and glycogen synthesis in liver, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle and in vitro anti-diabetic activity by inhibiting -glucosidase enzyme
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