Evaluation of Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Aqueous Extracts from Eight Medicinal Plants from Reunion Island: Protection against Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells and Preadipocytes.

Eloïse Checkouri,Olivier Meilhac,Christine Robert-Da Silva,Franck Reignier

doi:10.3390/antiox9100959

Abstract

Background—Medicinal plants are traditionally used as infusions or decoctions for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic and anti-diabetic properties. Purpose—The aim of the study was to define the polyphenol composition and to assess the antioxidant capacity of eight medicinal plants from Reunion Island referred to in the French Pharmacopeia, namely Aphloia theiformis, Ayapana triplinervis, Dodonaea viscosa, Hubertia ambavilla, Hypericum lanceolatum, Pelargonium x graveolens, Psiloxylon mauritianum and Syzygium cumini. Methods—Polyphenol content was assessed by biochemical assay and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Antioxidant capacity was assessed by measuring DPPH reduction and studying the protective effects of herbal preparation on red blood cells or preadipocytes exposed to oxidative stress. Results—Polyphenol content ranged from 25 to 143 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L for infusions and 35 to 205 mg GAE/L for decoctions. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analysis showed the presence of major bioactive polyphenols, such as quercetin, chlorogenic acid, procyanidin and mangiferin. Antioxidant capacity assessed by different tests, including DPPH and Human red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis of herbal preparations, demonstrated a dose-dependent effect whatever the extraction procedure. Our data suggest that decoction slightly improved polyphenol extraction as well as antioxidant capacity relative to the infusion mode of extraction (DPPH test). However, infusions displayed a better protective effect against oxidative stress-induced RBC hemolysis. Conclusion—Traditional preparations of medicinal plant aqueous extracts (infusions and decoctions) display antioxidant properties that limit oxidative stress in preadipocytes and red blood cells, supporting their use in the context of metabolic disease prevention and treatment.

Highlights

Reunion Island is a hotspot of vegetal biodiversity where the use of medicinal plant-derived beverages is documented since the 17th century [1]
This study aimed at evaluating the composition and antioxidant properties of polyphenol-rich extracts (PRE), infusions and decoctions of eight medicinal plants from Reunion Island: Aphloia theiformis, Ayapana triplinervis, Dodonaea viscosa, Hubertia ambavilla, Hypericum lanceolatum, Pelargonium x graveolens, Psiloxylon mauritianum and Syzygium cumini
The total polyphenol content of the different medicinal plants was assessed by using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay and expressed in g of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of plant (=GAE/L for infusions or decoctions since they were prepared using a ratio of 1 g/L) [32]

Summary

Introduction

Reunion Island is a hotspot of vegetal biodiversity where the use of medicinal plant-derived beverages is documented since the 17th century [1]. Eight commercially available medicinal plants were selected for this study according to the following criteria: (1) wide use in traditional practices in Reunion Island, (2) reported biological activity: anti-diabetic, antioxidant and cholesterol-lowering properties, and (3) marketability. Several ethnopharmacological studies have identified bioactive molecules from medicinal plants exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. These studies put in light the potential of the use of medicinal plants in the prevention and management of metabolic disorders in which excessive oxidative stress plays an important role. Purpose—The aim of the study was to define the polyphenol composition and to assess the antioxidant capacity of eight medicinal plants from Reunion Island referred to in the French Pharmacopeia, namely Aphloia theiformis, Ayapana triplinervis, Dodonaea viscosa, Hubertia ambavilla, Hypericum lanceolatum, Pelargonium x graveolens, Psiloxylon mauritianum and Syzygium cumini. Antioxidant capacity assessed by different tests, including DPPH and Human red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis of herbal preparations, demonstrated a dose-dependent effect whatever the extraction procedure

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Results

Conclusion