Abstract
Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate (PEGDA) tissue scaffolds having a thickness higher than 1 mm and without the presence of nutrient conduit networks were shown to have limited applications in tissue engineering due to the inability of cells to adhere and migrate within the scaffold. The PEGDA scaffold has been coated with polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofiber (ENF) membrane on both sides to overcome these limitations, thereby creating a functional PEGDA-PCL scaffold. This study examined the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the PEGDA and PEGDA-PCL scaffolds to determine the effect of PCL coating on PEGDA. The physical characterization of PEGDA-PCL samples demonstrated the effectiveness of combining PCL with a PEGDA scaffold to expand its applications in tissue engineering. This study also found a significant improvement of elasticity of PEGDA due to the addition of PCL layers. This study shows that PEGDA-PCL scaffolds absorb nutrients with time and can provide an ideal environment for the survival of cells. Furthermore, cell viability tests indicate that the cell adhered, proliferated, and migrated in the PEGDA-PCL scaffold. Therefore, PCL ENF coating has a positive influence on PEGDA scaffold.
Highlights
Tissue engineering (TE) holds great promise for the cultivation of patient-specific tissues for restoring organ functions and/or curing various diseases [1,2,3]
A one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) with subsampling assuming unequal variances was performed using the statistical tools of Kaleida Graph software to determine if there was any significant effect of the application of PCL electrospun nanofiber (ENF) coating on the mechanical and biological functions of Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate (PEGDA)
This study is the continuation of the previous study where the networked structure creating composite scaffolds made with multilayers of PCL ENF and PEGDA hydrogel membranes is unique [15]
Summary
Tissue engineering (TE) holds great promise for the cultivation of patient-specific tissues for restoring organ functions and/or curing various diseases [1,2,3]. TE techniques involve seeding or implantation of cells into scaffolds that are biodegradable and capable of supporting three-dimensional (3D) cell growth Photosensitive hydrogels, such as Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate (PEGDA) are an important class of biomaterials with many TE applications [1,2,3]. PEGDA scaffolds need to be designed with intricate architecture, porosity, pore size and shape, and interconnectivity in order to provide the required structural strength, nutrient transport, and micro-environment for cell and tissue in-growth. We have developed the electrospin process to produce polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofiber (ENF) membrane that has competing performances as a functional coating material. There is still a significant need for scientific research to overcome physical (porosity, water absorption), mechanical (stiffness, elasticity) and biological (cell adherence, proliferation, and migration) limitations of thick PEDGA hydrogel membranes for tissue engineering applications [13]. The goal of this study focuses on the physical, mechanical and biological capabilities of PEDGA-PCL scaffold and evaluates the capabilities for tissue engineering applications
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