Evaluation of Pleurotus ostreatus basidiomes production on Pinus sawdust and other agricultural and forestry wastes from patagonia, Argentina

Maximiliano Rugolo,Mario Rajchenberg,Gerardo Mata,Bernardo Lechner,Romina Mansilla

doi:10.4067/s0718-221x2020005000410

Abstract

The basidiomes production of two strains of Pleurotus ostreatus (one native from Patagonia, Argentina, isolated from the conifer Araucaria araucana and the other one a commercial strain)grown in different agri-cultural and forestry wastes was studied. The ability of the native strain generates interest to know its degra-dative capabilities for its use with conifer waste from the regional forest industry, which is dominated by the use of exotic Pinus species. In addition, white poplar (Populus alba), southern beech (Nothofagus pumilio), wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum) and residues from beer brewing were also explored as substrates. The native strain showed better productivity of basidiomes with a biological efficiency of 17,86 % ± 3,74 % on pine wood shavings in comparison with the commercial strain used as control. The best substrates were poplar and wheatgrass with biological efficiency between 35,28 % to 88,5 % and 27,84 % to 84,01 %, respectively. Supplemented substrates showed better productivity than those without supplement. The low biological effi-ciency on pine could be attributed to the aromatic compounds contents because, in growth test, the diameter of the fungal colony was affected negatively by the addition of pine resin volatiles, mainly with α-limonene and δ-3-carene. In spite of the low biological efficiency, promising inter-breeding or hybrids generation could improve yields in future assays

Highlights

Leftover agricultural and forest material can be used for edible mushroom production
The C, N and P values were similar between the wastes of beer production and the industrial wheat bran, indicating that this residue is an economic alternative for the formulation of substrates, contributing N and P principally (Table 1)
In the case of base substrate, C content was similar in all materials, the N content was higher in pine sawdust (0,264 %) and wheatgrass (0,208 %) in comparison with poplar (0,138 %) and southern beech sawdust (0,131 %); whereas P was higher in wheatgrass and poplar content

Summary

Introduction

Leftover agricultural and forest material can be used for edible mushroom production. The accumulation of lignocellulosic residues from cultivated areas is usually a problem because they generate large amounts of biomass that are disposed of by burning in fields (El-Haggar 2007) can be toxic This modifies the phosporous content in the soil, generating water quality issues such as excess nutrient and sodium concentrations from leachates. It changes pH in soil for some chemical compounds like phenols (Bonanomi et al 2006a), where it may be harmful for beneficial microbes and pollinators affecting growth of some crops (Ramírez-García et al 2019) or can be a source of pathogenic organisms (Bonanomi et al 2006b). Ligninolytic enzyme production with emphasis in the induction of laccase, has been studied in other genera of white rot fungi as Trametes (Hess et al 2002) and Ganorderma (Kuhar and Papinutti 2014) due to its efficiency as lignin degraders, using metals such us copper

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