Evaluation of platelet-rich fibrin in post-exodontic bone regeneration: systematic review

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the use of platelet-rich fibrin in bone regeneration of postexodontic tooth sockets by means of a systematic review of updated randomized controlled clinical trials. Materials and methods: the present descriptive, documentary, cross-sectional study was carried out following PRISMA 2020 standards, a search of 25 scientific articles of randomized controlled clinical trials with a minimum of 8 patients who needed dental extractions was carried out, who were divided into two groups, one test group containing platelet-rich fibrin and the other control group without platelet-rich fibrin, articles were collected from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, Redalyc, Embase, which were within the last 8 years, articles that did not meet the objectives that served for this study were excluded. Results: Of the 25 articles included in this systematic review, 15 were based on the extraction of bilateral impacted lower third molars, 8 on extractions of teeth due to endodontic failure and coronary fracture and 2 on the extraction of teeth prior to rehabilitation treatment with dental implants. Platelet-rich fibrin improves clinical and imaging conditions in post-exodontic patients, showing in the imaging evaluation after taking radiographs during the control weeks a better healing of soft tissues, a notable difference in bone filling and the formation of new bone. Conclusion: the use of platelet-rich fibrin is effective in the preservation of the alveolar ridge post-exodontia, maintaining vertical dimensional stability, beneficial also in cellular proliferation which improves bone loss, despite this there is no significant difference in the test sites treated with platelet-rich fibrin compared to control sites treated with physiological healing.