EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF MANGIFERA INDICA L. LEAVES AGAINST URINARY TRACT INFECTION-CAUSING PATHOGENS

Abstract

Objective: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of different active compounds and their concentrations in different extracts of Mangifera indica L. leaves which can reduce the incidence of pathogens causing urinary tract infections (UTIs).Methods: Leaves of M. indica L. were extracted in petroleum ether, methanol, and ethanol solvents by Soxhlet apparatus and screened for presence of secondary metabolites, antibacterial, and antifungal activities (agar well diffusion methods). The antimicrobial efficacy of different extracts was tested against UTI-causing organisms such as Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis.Results: Leaves of M. indica revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acid, saponins, phenolics, tannins, sterols, and glycosides. Methanolic and ethanolic extracts of M. indica actively showed the presence of all the phytochemical constituents. All the test bacterial strains were found sensitive to ethanolic and aqueous extracts of M. indica leaves while P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, and S. flexineri showed resistance to petroleum ether extracts. Aspergillus niger was resistant to all the extracts of M. indica leaves, whereas C. tropicalis, C. krusei, and C. albicans demonstrated sensitivity toward ethanolic extracts. Higher concentrations of methanolic and petroleum ether extracts were capable of inhibiting the growth of fungal strains such as C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei, whereas C. tropicalis was sensitive to all the extracts.Conclusion: The extracts of M. indica leaves can be used as herbal cure to treat UTIs caused by different microorganisms.