Evaluation of Phytochemical Analysis and Total Phenol Content of Proso Millet and Barnyard Millet

Abstract

Whole grains of proso and barnyard millets were sequentially extracted using different solvents (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol). Phytochemical analysis was performed qualitatively, and the total phenolic content in the extracts of proso and barnyard millets was quantified. Alkaloids and cardiac glycosides were identified in all solvent extracts of both millets. Anthraquinone and glycosides yielded negative results in all solvent extracts of both millets. Among all the solvent extracts, methanol extracts of proso and barnyard millets showed the presence of major compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, amino acids, tannins, and phenolics compounds. The maximum amount of phenols was found in methanolic extracts of proso and barnyard millets (0.669 ± 0.003 and 0.625 ± 0.003), followed by the chloroform extract of proso and barnyard millets (0.284 ± 0.002 and 0.257 ± 0.003). The minimum amount of phenolics was found in the acetone extract of proso and barnyard millets. The methanol extract of both millets showed the presence of major compounds with high phenolic content.