Abstract
The major components of tomato processing industry wastes are seed that is not edible. The physicochemical properties and chemical composition of oil from tomato seed were studied by established methods. The oil yield of tomato seeds is about 35% on a dry weight basis. This vegetable oil has low sulphur (0.04 wt%), low ash content (0.034%), and high viscosity (51.5 mPa.s at 50°C). The fatty acid profile of tomato seed oil shows that there is a predominance of compounds containing an even number of carbon atoms, especially C16 and C18. The total saturated and unsaturated fatty acid composition is 18.28% and 81.72%, respectively, and the most abundant fatty acid is linoleic acid (56.12%). This study indicates that tomato seed wastes are a potential source of edible oil.
Highlights
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is the second most important vegetable crop next to potato worldwide, with annual production at 100 million tons fresh fruit produced in 144 countries [1]
Tomato seed oil is an excellent source of essential fatty acids omega-6 and omega-9
The present work indicates that tomato seed wastes were a potential source of edible oil
Summary
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is the second most important vegetable crop next to potato worldwide, with annual production at 100 million tons fresh fruit produced in 144 countries [1]. The solid waste that remains after the juice/pulp extraction process consists of skin, seeds, fibrous matter and cull tomato that are not suitable for human consumption and usually used as the animal feed but processing of these by-products generates substantial benefits [1]. Tomato seed is the major by-product of the tomato paste manufacturing industry that produce is about 71%-72% from total waste production [3,4]. It is a lignocellulosic based that often creates disposal difficulty [5] Several unit operations such as drying, grinding, squeezing and filtrating were used to obtain tomato seed oil from tomato seeds [6]. Tomato oil was extracted from the seeds with hexane as a solvent. The main by product during tomato oil production, could be used as animal food [6,7]
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