Abstract
This study deals with the inspection of physical, chemical and microbiological quality of liquid cow's milk collected from four different dairy farms in Sylhet, Bangladesh. Several milk compositions were examined and assessed to the Bangladesh Standards (BDS) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Results showed that tastes of all milk samples were slightly sweet and the mean specific gravity (1.029±0.0025 to 1.032±0.0015) was within standard range. The color of milk of sample 1 displayed similarity to sample 3, and likewise sample 2 to sample 4. However, all milk samples were normal except sample 2 which indicated cowy flavor and odor. The average statistics for fat (3.40±0.26), protein (3.47±0.11), total solids (12.16±0.33), solid not fat (8.76±0.32), acidity (0.19±0.03) and pH (6.67±0.10) were recorded. The Microbiological conclusion confirmed the presence of microbial population in all milk samples. The highest level of microbial quality in Standard Plate Count (SPC) was 38.1×106 cfu/ml in sample 3 and in logarithm the value is 7.58 cfu/ml. Grades of milk were evaluated by Methyl Blue Reduction Test (MBRT) and this phenomenon testified that milk of sample 2 was fair in qualities than others. Statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the average values of acidity between results of milk samples to the BDS and FAO standards.
Highlights
As an essential part of our daily diet, liquid milk plays a crucial role to meet up the increasing nutritional demand as well as ensures food safety in developing countries like Bangladesh
The results showed no significance (P>0.05) in mean values of acidity among the collected milk samples, Bangladesh Standards (BDS) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards (Table 5)
The quality and composition of raw cow milk depends on its physico-chemical parameters that vary from one dairy farm to another
Summary
As an essential part of our daily diet, liquid milk plays a crucial role to meet up the increasing nutritional demand as well as ensures food safety in developing countries like Bangladesh. The safety of milk is of great concern in Bangladesh, in Sylhet Metropolitan Area, where milk is collected and distributed by local milk suppliers to consumers through unsystematic way i.e., lack of proper filling (use of plastic buckets), storing (keeping milk long time in room temperature) and distributing procedures, using banana leaves for anti-agitation effect which can be a common source of contamination. Milk adulteration encourages the deterioration of the properties of raw milk [4] that apt to favorable condition for microbes to grow, pathogenic bacteria [5] which are liable to cause various types of diseases
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