Evaluation of Photosynthetic and Yield Traits in Ten Potato Clones and Cultivars Under Farming Conditions in Poland

Bogdan Flis,Beata Tatarowska,Dorota Milczarek,Jarosław Pobereżny,Elżbieta Wszelaczyńska,Norbert Keutgen,Anna J Keutgen

doi:10.1007/s11540-019-09429-w

Abstract

Photosynthetic properties and tuber yield were compared in seven tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) clones (‘13-VIII-10’, ‘13-VIII-27’, ‘13-VIII-45’, ‘13-VIII-49’, ‘13-VIII-50’, ‘13-VIII-60’, ‘TG-97-403’) and three cultivars (‘Jelly’, ‘Satina’, ‘Tajfun’) at four localities in Poland under either integrated (Młochów, Boguchwała) or organic (Radzików, Chwałowice) fertilisation conditions applying the ‘OJIP’ analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics. The yield-relevant parameters of leaf pigment content and chlorophyll fluorescence were used to rank the tested clones and cultivars applying multidimensional comparative analysis. The results indicate that the clones 13-VIII-10 and 13-VIII-45 cannot be recommended for cultivation, while cv. Taifun performed the best. The assessment of the efficiency of the light reactions of photosynthesis produced a different ranking, indicating that the efficiency is not related to yield, but characterises the balance between light harvesting and dark reactions of photosynthesis. In this respect, the light reactions of photosynthesis were least balanced in clone 13-VIII-49 and cv. Jelly while those of cv. Taifun and clone 13-VIII-60 were the best. The effect of the production system was of minor significance for tuber yield, but local factors dominated. Only in the case of chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) contents of leaves did an effect of the production system became evident, favouring integrated over organic cultivation. By contrast, most of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were controlled by soil nitrogen content, including maximum quantum yield for primary photochemistry (φP0) and the absolute and total performance indices (PIAbs, PITotal). Within a production system precipitation affected the ratio Car/total Chl content.

Highlights

Potato tubers are among the most important staple crops, which supply metabolic energy in the form of carbohydrates, and additional valuable compounds
The 3-year study (2014–2016) used seven tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) clones (‘13-VIII-10’, ‘13-VIII-27’, ‘13-VIII-45’, ‘13-VIII-49’, ‘13-VIII-50’, ‘13-VIII60’, ‘TG-97-403’) of the IHAR-PIB (Poland) and three conventional cultivars (‘Jelly’, ‘Satina’, ‘Tajfun’), which were originally selected for their tuber carotenoid content
Nitrogen content was highest in the soil of Boguchwała, followed by Radzików and Chwałowice, while the content was lowest in Młochów (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

Potato tubers are among the most important staple crops, which supply metabolic energy in the form of carbohydrates, and additional valuable compounds. The Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR-PIB) in Młochów, Poland, has bred seven new tetraploid clones with promising tuber quality traits. These clones were compared with three conventional cultivars (‘Jelly’, ‘Satina’, ‘Tajfun’) with respect to their effectiveness of the photosynthetic system and tuber yield under organic and integrated fertilisation. Potato plants were fertilised organically (Radzików, Chwałowice); at the other two (Młochów, Boguchwała), integrated management was applied in order to determine how these two agricultural practices influence the effectiveness of the photosynthetic system Another important aspect is to what extent the productivity of potato depends on additional, local environmental factors. In the present 3-year study, the general effects of organic and integrated fertilisation and differences in nitrogen supply and precipitation on potato tuber yield were assessed

Methods

Results

Conclusion