Evaluation of Photosensitizers on Root Canal Disinfection and Bonding Interface of Fiber Post Cementation System: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

The current study aimed to assess and compare the effectiveness of photosensitizers rose Bengal (RB), riboflavin, and curcumin (CP) to the conventional canal disinfection regime sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the bonding interface of a fiber post cementation system. Sixty nontraumatic, extracted, and closed apex human mandibular second premolars were gathered and disinfected. All specimens were decoronated and embedded perpendicularly in heat cure acrylic resin. Shaping and cleaning of the canal were done and obturated with gutta-percha and sealer. Using peeso-reamer canal space was prepared. To assess the effectiveness of various disinfectants, post space was cleansed with four different types of disinfectants (n = 15) in each group. Group I riboflavin + 17% mixture of tetracycline, acid, and detergent (MTAD); group II CP + 17% MTAD; group III RB + 17% MTAD; and group IV 2.5% NaOCl + 17% MTAD. Fiber post was luted within radicular dentin of each sample with dual-cure self-etch resin cement. The specimen's radicular portions were vertically segregated into apical, middle, and coronal dentinal post portions and positioned over the universal testing machine. Modes of failure were assessed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for the means of independent unrelated groups. Mean differences were calculated using Tukey multiple comparison tests (p = 0.05). Group II canal disinfected with CP + 17% MTAD at all three levels of root demonstrated the highest PBS score. Group IV (control) in which samples were disinfected by the conventional method (2.5% NaOCl + 17% MTAD) showed the lowest PBS at all root portions. Intergroup comparison unveiled PBS at all three root levels for group II (CP + 17% MTAD) and group I (riboflavin + 17% MTAD) than group III (RB + 17% MTAD) (p >0.05). The intragroup assessment demonstrated a significant inclination in values of PBS from coronal to apical direction in all examined groups. The use of photosensitizers curcumin, rose Bengal, and riboflavin as canal disinfectant demonstrated better PBS compared to the conventional method of canal disinfectant NaOCl at all three root levels coronal, middle, and apical. In a nonvital tooth, radicular disinfection is necessary. Loss of structure in endodontically treated teeth requires post which improves strength and prognosis of treatment. The bonding of glass fiber post to radicular dentin necessitates good clinical outcomes.