Abstract
The aim of our study was to examine the different concentrations of AuNPs as a new antimicrobial substance to control the pathogenic activity. The extracellular synthesis of AuNPs performed by using Phoma sp. as an endophytic fungus. Endophytic fungus was isolated from vascular tissue of peach trees (Prunus persica) from Baft, located in Kerman province, Iran. The UltraViolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vis spectroscopy) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided the absorbance peak at 526 nm, while the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy images released the formation of spherical AuNPs with sizes in the range of 10–100 nm. The findings of inhibition zone test of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) showed a desirable antifungal and antibacterial activity against phytopathogens including Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA (AG1-IA has been identified as the dominant anastomosis group) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The highest inhibition level against sclerotia formation was 93% for AuNPs at a concentration of 80 μg/mL. Application of endophytic fungus biomass for synthesis of AuNPs is relatively inexpensive, single step and environmentally friendly. In vitro study of the antifungal activity of AuNPs at concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/mL was conducted against rice fungal pathogen R. solani to reduce sclerotia formation. The experimental data revealed that the Inhibition rate (RH) for sclerotia formation was (15, 33, 74 and 93%), respectively, for their corresponding AuNPs concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/mL). Our findings obviously indicated that the RH strongly depend on AuNPs rates, and enhance upon an increase in AuNPs rates. The application of endophytic fungi biomass for green synthesis is our future goal.
Highlights
Metal-based nanomaterials, including copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), iron (FeNPs), palladium (PtNPs), gold (AuNPs), aluminum (AlNPs), zinc (ZnNPs) and silver (AgNPs), are typically synthesized naturally or synthetically [1,2]
For controlling bacterial and fungal diseases in rice with emphasis on the cleaner production at a lower cost we examined the various concentrations of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a new antifungal and antibacterial substance to suppress the pathogenic activity
Several samples were collected from different parts of peach trees
Summary
Metal-based nanomaterials, including copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), iron (FeNPs), palladium (PtNPs), gold (AuNPs), aluminum (AlNPs), zinc (ZnNPs) and silver (AgNPs), are typically synthesized naturally or synthetically [1,2]. The typical synthesis methods for AuNPs are physical (UV irradiation, laser ablation and plasma synthesis), chemical (citrate synthesis, wet chemical synthesis and chemical reduction) and physicochemical (sono-chemical and sono-electrochemical) methods [14]. Evaluating endophytic fungi which inhabit various plant varieties by the therapeutic characterizations would provide opportunities to find out new metabolites by the specific bioactivity [17]. These fungi interact with the host plant, and in turn, the plants to some extent modulate the metabolic process of these endophytes to produce molecules that could manifest protective functions towards the microbe and the host [18]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
