Abstract
The aim of this study was to access the Mn contamination in soil, forages, and animals. Heavy metal pollution is a matter of prime significance in natural environment. Through food chain, toxicity of heavy metals and their bioaccumulation potential are transferred into humans. Higher concentrations of metallic compounds are toxic to living organisms but these are essential to maintain body metabolism. Intake of food crops polluted with heavy metals is chief food chain channel for human exposure. Animals are exposed to heavy metal stress by the intake of richly contaminated food crops; those are chief part of food chain. Samples of soil, plant, animal blood, hair, and feces were collected to find contamination through wet digestion process in lab and metal analysis. Different forages were collected to study Mn content that was our major concern in this study. The present findings also emphasized on the assessment of bio-concentration factor (BCF). Other significant indices of mobility and pollution of metal were also calculated, i.e. pollution load index (PLI), daily intake of metal (DIM), health risk index (HRI), and enrichment factor (EF). The experimentation result showed different concentrations of metal in different seasons. The Mn concentration in forages was 20.01-28.29 mg/kg and in soil was 5.27-8.90 mg/kg. Soil samples showed higher level of (PLI) Pollution load index. Bio-concentration of MN was 2.59-4.21 mg/kg. It can be concluded that regular monitoring of the metal is essential to evaluate the contamination status. Mn contents were in the safe limits in soil and plants; however, its toxic level was observed in animals.
Highlights
Manipulation and the accessibility of some crucial metals in the body of living being is produced by level of Bio-concentrations of some heavy metals
Through food chain toxicity of heavy metals and their bioaccumulation potential are transferred into humans .Higher concentrations of metallic compounds are toxic to living organisms but these are essential to maintain body metabolism
Intake of food crops polluted with heavy metals is chief food chain channel for human exposure
Summary
Manipulation and the accessibility of some crucial metals in the body of living being is produced by level of Bio-concentrations of some heavy metals. Worldwide industrial revolution has polluted the water and soil with many detrimental chemical compounds including trace metals. When these metals leach into trophic chain are harmful to plants and cause severe damages to human health (Kumar et al, 2013). Heavy metals are persistant and non-degradable by chemical degradation or microbial degradation unlike other metalloids and organic compounds (Bolan et al, 2014). In addition to this antagonistic, synergistic and additive effects on plant growth are produced by heavy metals when they collectively show their effects to plants
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