Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate oxidative stress and leptinlevel in obese women. Fifty obese women with BMI value of ≥ 30.0 kg/m2 and thirty healthy women with BMI<24.9 kg/m2 were involved in the study during their attendance at Gastroenterology and Liver Hospital/ Medical city in Baghdad province from October 2018 to February 2019. The age range for all women was 30-50 years. Blood samples were collected from each participant for the evaluation of the levels of leptin hormone, Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), and Malondialdehyde (MDA). The results of BMI, leptin hormone, MDA and SOD showed highly significant increase (P<0.01) in obese women in comparison with the control group.
 Results: The results show that BMI value were significantly higher (P<0.01) in obese women (41.90 ± 0.87kg/m2) in comparison with the control (23.58 ± 0.28kg/m2). The level of leptin hormone was significantly higher(P<0.01) in obese women (1444.00 ± 10.67pg/ml) in comparison with the control (932.26 ± 25.92pg/ml). Also, MDA level was significantly higher(P<0.01) in obese women (6.81 ± 0.29mg/dl) in comparison with the control (4.53 ± 0.44) mg/dl. The level of SOD was significantly higher(P<0.01) in obese women (15.67 ± 1.42mg/dl) in comparison with the control group (3.75 ± 0.60mg/dl).
 Conclusions: Obesity is detected by the level of leptin Hormone; leptin is regarded as a good parameter for monitoring obesity,showing a high increasewith increasing BMI.Theincrease in obesity causes oxidant stress and formation of MDA that is considered as a major risk factor in obesity,where adecrease in antioxidants was also recorded.
Highlights
Obesity is defined as a chronic disease that arises from the interaction of social, metabolic, behavioural, psychological, cellular, and molecular factors [1]
Obesity increases the danger of various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), osteoarthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, gall stones, psychological disorders, psychosocial problems, sleep apnoea, diabetes, hypertension, liver disease, and certain cancers, which commonly reduce the lifespan in individuals [4,5]
It is a 16 kDa peptide encoded by the obesity gene [7]and consists of 167amino acid with a four-helix bundle structure similar to that of cytokines[8]
Summary
Obesity is defined as a chronic disease that arises from the interaction of social, metabolic, behavioural, psychological, cellular, and molecular factors [1]. An earlier study [10] showed that leptin circulates in the bound form in normal individuals, while it is present in a free form in obese patients. Leptin will decrease during starvation, while high food intake will increase its blood level. The difference between the oxidant and antioxidant pathways can cause an increase in the accumulation of lipid oxidation products, such as lipid hydro peroxides and MDA.
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