Evaluation of Oxidative Status, Cytokines, Acute Phase Proteins and Cardiac Damage Markers in Sheep Naturally Infected with Babesia ovis.

Abstract

Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by protozoon species in the Babesia genus of the Babesiadae family. The systemic inflammatory response induced by infection is considered to be an important feature of the pathophysiology of ovine babesiosis. In this study, it was aimed to determine serum oxidative status, levels of some cytokines, acute phase proteins and heart damage markers in babesiosis infection. A sample of 40 sheep was used for this purpose, of which 20 were healthy and 20 were infected with Babesia ovis. Babesia infection was diagnosed from Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears. Infection was also confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sera from blood samples was tested for oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA], total antioxidant status [TAS], superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]), cytokines (interleukins IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon-ϒ [IFN-ϒ]), acute-phase proteins (C-reactive protein [CRP], serum amyloid A [SAA] and haptoglobin [Hp]) and specific (troponin I [cTnI], creatine kinase-MB [CK-MB]) and nonspecific (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], aspartate transaminase [AST]) cardiac damage markers. MDA, SOD, CAT, Hp, TAS, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1β, INF-γ, AST, LDH, CK-MB mass and troponin I values were higher in the patient group than in the healthy group (P < 0.05). However, there was not found to be a statistical difference between the healthy and patient groups in terms of GPx, SAA and CRP values (P > 0.05). It can be stated that serum levels of oxidative stress, some acute phase proteins and cardiac damage markers may increase in naturally infected sheep with babesiosis.