Evaluation of obstetric management of women with macrosomic foetuses in two Level 3 maternity hospitals in France and identification of predictive factors for obstetric and neonatal complications

Abstract

ObjectiveFoetal macrosomia is associated with high maternal and neonatal morbidity; however, obstetric management of suspected macrosomia has not been well defined. This study aimed to analyse obstetric management in a population of women who delivered macrosomic new-borns and assess maternal and neonatal outcomes and risk factors for complications in such cases. Study designThis two-centre retrospective study conducted in France over a 10-year period comprised 1724 women who had delivered macrosomic new-borns (defined as those whose weight was > 90th percentile according to the Association of Users of Computerised Records in Perinatology, Obstetrics, and Gynaecology curve) from 37SA. ResultsIn this study, the caesarean section and instrumental extraction rates were 24.1% and 15.7%, respectively, and the postpartum haemorrhage rate was 7%. The rate of shoulder dystocia was 23.1% (including brachial plexus injuries, 0.4%; and clavicular fractures, 2.0%). Significant risk factors for caesarean section were maternal height < 160 cm, nulliparity, history of caesarean section, excessive uterine height, induction of labour and duration of labour > 10 h. The risk factors for shoulder dystocia were maternal height < 160 cm and instrumental extraction. ConclusionThe study findings may help determine predictive factors for an unfavourable outcome at the time of delivery of a macrosomic foetus, thus allowing clinical teams to better anticipate and manage potential complications.