Abstract
BackgroundPlant essential oils and phenolic compounds are widely used for their medicinal properties. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional values, the chemical composition, antioxidant activity and anti-hemolytic effects of Pittosporum tobira seeds.MethodsThe aroma compounds were isolated using two methods (Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and hydrodistillation (HD)) and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Bioactive phenolic compounds were identified by mean of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD). Reducing power, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays were used to investigate antioxidant activity. Anti-hemolytic activity was evaluated using H2O2-induced hemolysis of red blood cells (RBC).ResultsOxygenated sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were the most volatile fractions identified by HD and HS-SPME coupled to GC-MS but their quality and amount were quite different according to the extraction methodology. The main phenolic compounds identified by HPLC were caffeic acid, followed by cinnamic acid and gallic acid. P. tobira seeds essential oils showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH (IC50 value = 1.5 mg/mL), H2O2 scavenging assay (IC50 value = 159.43 μg/mL) and reducing power test (IC50 value = 0.982 mg/mL) compared to methanolic extract. Moreover, the results revealed that the essential oil was able to protect RBC from hemolysis induced by H2O2. However, the methanolic extract had no effect on H2O2-induced hemolysis of RBC as compared to the essential oil and the standard vitamin C.ConclusionsP. tobira may be used as a new natural source of antioxidant with therapeutic application in diseases caused by reactive oxygen species.Graphical Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Pittosporum tobira seeds
Highlights
All over the world, plants are known as a source of nutrients, flavoring additives, oxygen, decoration and biologically active components
Previous studies on the composition of P. tobira essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation procedure, have indicated the presence of α-pinene as the major component of the flowers for species growing in Iran [9]
The aroma compounds composition of P. tobira seeds were identified by headspace solid phase microextraction and hydrodistillation coupled to gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and their antioxidant and anti-hemolytic capacities were studied
Summary
Plants are known as a source of nutrients, flavoring additives, oxygen, decoration and biologically active components. The curing effects of plants derived from bioactive substances that are named secondary metabolites which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, coumarins and Natural products have been found to have the ability to prevent damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). These free radicals have been associated with various diseases, such as cardiovascular, liver injury, atherosclerosis, and cancer diseases [2]. Previous studies on the composition of P. tobira essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation procedure, have indicated the presence of α-pinene as the major component of the flowers for species growing in Iran [9] This plant has been demonstrated to possess many pharmaceutical properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional values, the chemical composition, antioxidant activity and anti-hemolytic effects of Pittosporum tobira seeds
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