Evaluation of noni (Morinda citrifolia) leaves and fruits on methane emission and rumen fermentation parameters in vitro

Abstract

Various attempts were made to reduce emissions of methane, among others was through use bioactive compound of the herbs. One of the herbs that can use is Noni (Morinda citrifolia), which has been reported contain tannin, saponin and possess antimicrobial activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Morinda citrifolia leaves (MCL) and Morinda citrifolia fruits (MCF) on methane emission and rumen fermentation in vitro. These MCL and MCF were added to the incubation bottles containing Penisetum purpureum grass (PPG) with the following treatments (performed in four replicates): R0: control substrate (100% PPG), R1: 90% PPG + 10% MCL, R2: 80% PPG + 20% MCL, R3: 70% PPG + 30% MCL, R4: 60% PPG + 40% MCL, R5: 90% PPG + 10% MCF, R6: 80% PPG + 20% MCF, R7: 70% PPG + 30% MCF, and R8: 60% PPG + 40% MCF. Parameters measured were total gas production, methane emission, microbial population, and ammonia. The results showed that the highest total gas production and a decrease in methane gas were obtained at R3. In conclusion, addition of Morinda citrifolia leaves or fruits have a potential to reduce methane emission and improves feeding value of Penisetum purpureum.