Evaluation of non-healthcare professional women’s knowledge regarding ionizing radiation exposure hazards during pregnancy

Abstract

BackgroundPregnant women undergoing radiation examinations should be given proper care, which requires a comprehensive understanding of the negative effects of ionizing radiation. PurposeThis study aimed to assess the knowledge of non-healthcare professional women regarding the potential hazards associated with ionizing radiation exposure during pregnancy. MethodsThis questionnaire-based cross-sectional study involved 290 women from various occupational groups, such as university academic staff, university students, hospital administrative staff, and patients aged between 20 and 50 years. A survey was conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistical techniques, including mean, standard deviation, and independent T-test were utilized to assess differences in knowledge levels among participants, with a significance level set at p ≤ 0.05. ResultsMedical staff exhibited a correct answer percentage of 40.8%, while non-medical staff scored 30.3%. Similarly, medical students achieved a 34.8% correct answer rate, whereas non-medical students scored 19.17%. These findings underscore a statistically significant difference in radiation awareness between medical and non-medical participants (p < 0.001).Doctorate holders exhibited a correct answer percentage of 43.8%, while master's degree holders scored 38%. In contrast, 6th-7th level students scored 22.6%, while 8th-9th level students achieved a 31.6% correct answer rate. These findings highlight a statistically significant difference in radiation awareness between faculty staff members and students based on their academic credentials (p < 0.001).Interestingly, the study found no significant difference in radiation awareness levels between hospital administrative staff and patients (p = 0.315). However, participants in hospital administration and patient disciplines displayed limited awareness of ionizing radiation and its hazards. ConclusionsThere is insufficient knowledge among women concerning the potential hazards of ionizing radiation exposure associated with radiological examinations during pregnancy. The introduction of educational initiatives focusing on radiation risk and protection during early stages of education is imperative.