Abstract
The paper presents a 2-years study of the valuable characteristics in four foreign apple cultivars grown in northeastern Romania, named Moldavia area. The phenological stages, quality traits of fruits and some chemical parameters were evaluated. Start flowering was determined at April 17th (’Resse’), while end of flowering was identified the period April 27th -28th. Period of flowering was 9 to 12 days as average for studied years 2019-2020. Fruit’s weight have varied between 120.55 g (’Resse’) and 179.46 g (’Remo’), while fruit’s equatorial diameter have varied between 65.82 mm and 74.87 mm at ‘Resse’ and respectively ‘Remo’, but no statistically distinct differences registered between all studied apple cultivars. The values of the soluble dry solids range between 14.65° Brix (‘Resse’) to 17.05° Brix (‘Relinda’), and the total dry solids has recorded values between 17.95% (’Resse’) to 21.39% (‘Remo’). The studied apple cultivars showed variability but some got remarked through large fruit’s size or high level of soluble dry solids.
Highlights
IntroductionApple tree growing is one of the most known and widespread crops in the temperate climates of the globe
Approximately 5 million hectares are occupied by apple cultivation providing a total production of 84 million tonnes (FAO, 2020)
The chemical determinations included for the analysis: the soluble dry solids (SDS%) using a Zeiss refractometer,the determination of the humidity (%) and of the total dry substance (TDS%) using the oven for five hours to 105°C (Cociu, 1989)
Summary
Apple tree growing is one of the most known and widespread crops in the temperate climates of the globe. The share of apple cultivation in the world economy of fruit production is mainly due to the role that fruits have in the rational human diet. They are consumed fresh or processed as alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverages (juices or nectars). According to Shqahu (2007), apple is a culture that grow well on a wide range of soils, both in texture and soil type It has moderate demands on temperature, giving good results in areas where the average annual temperature is between 8 and 9.5° C, but can grow and develop in regions with average temperatures of 7.5-7.9° C. The studied apple cultivars showed high variability but some got remarked through large fruit’s size or high level of soluble dry substance
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