Abstract
Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity with a high mortality rate. Myofibroblast in the stroma of malignant tumor is one of the main factors that accelerates and modulates tumor progression and invasiveness. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the presence of myofibroblasts in reactive oral lesion and OSCC and to compare its staining in superficial and deep layers in different histological grades. Patients and Methods: The study included the archival tissues of 30 OSCCs and 30 oral reactive lesions. The myofibroblast was assessed in superficial and deep layers by immunohistochemical study of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Data were analyzed by SPSS software using chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and MannWhitney U tests. P<0.017 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The results revealed that presence of myofibroblasts was significantly higher in OSCCs compared to oral reactive lesions (P=0.0001). The results also showed that myofibroblasts presented more in the deep layers than in the superficial layers of OSCC (P=0.0001). A statistically significant difference was observed in myofibroblasts among different histological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (P=0.0001). Conclusion: The findings highlight that the presence of myofibroblast in the stroma, assessed by α-SMA, indicates tumor progression and invasiveness in the patients with OSCC.
Highlights
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity with a high mortality rate
In a study on the archival tissues of 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 30 oral reactive lesions, we found the presence of myofibroblast in stroma, as assessed by alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), indicating tumor progression and invasiveness in patients with OSCC
The results showed a significant difference between OSCC and control groups in the percentage of myofibroblast stained cells (P = 0.0001)
Summary
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity with a high mortality rate. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the presence of myofibroblasts in reactive oral lesion and OSCC and to compare its staining in superficial and deep layers in different histological grades. Patients and Methods: The study included the archival tissues of 30 OSCCs and 30 oral reactive lesions. A statistically significant difference was observed in myofibroblasts among different histological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: The findings highlight that the presence of myofibroblast in the stroma, assessed by α-SMA, indicates tumor progression and invasiveness in the patients with OSCC. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent type of oral cancers that involves more than 90% of the head and neck malignancies [1]. OSCC includes originates in the tongue, floor of the mouth, alveolar ridges, lips, buccal mucosa, retromolar trigone and hard plate [4]
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