Abstract
Bioactive peptides are known for health-promoting properties due to several pharmacological effects they modulate in physiological systems. Herein, the presence of peptides particularly cyclic peptides, was investigated in two Rubiaceae members; Nauclea diderichii (De Wild. and T. Durand) Merrill and Ixora brachypoda DC by thin layer chromatography (TLC) chemical detection, and their multifunctional bioactivity evaluated. Crude and pre-purified peptides were obtained from both plants using aqueous and solid-phase extractions, respectively. The peptide fraction of N. diderrichii showed good DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 3.43 µg/mL) compared to the standard Gallic acid (IC50 = 1.44 µg/mL). Peptide fractions of both plants displayed inhibitory effects (MIC = 6.25 μg/mL) against bacteria and fungi strains except Escherichia coli, relative to standard drugs (MIC = 0.31 µg/mL). Both displayed significant toxicity to brine shrimp nauplii (LC50 ≤ 220.8 μg m L−1) as well as MCF-7 and RD cancer cells (IC50 ≤ 34.0 μg m L−1). The enterovirus species B and C tested were remarkably susceptible to the peptide fractions (IC50 ≤ 3.20 μg/mL).
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