Abstract
Abstract. Vegetation is a part of terrestrial ecosystem that plays an important role in stabilizing global environment. Their needs to be a reliable information on the status of vegetation, which is needed for solving environmental problems. In this present study, vegetation growth and development were monitored over the land covets of Tamil Nadu, India during the crop growing season viz., Kharif season and Rabi season of 2017 using MODIS satellite derived surface reflectance product (MOD09A1) which is available at 500 m resolution and 8-days temporal period. Based on the surface reflectance data, NDVI was extracted for monitoring vegetation greening and browning. In order to correlate the relation between vegetation growth and influence of rainfall over the land covers, averaged seasonal rainfall was extracted from TRMM based rainfall product. It was noticed that NDVI response from the land covers showed a good range of temporal variations in vegetation biomass condition, however NDVI values appears to have increasing variations which indicated presence of high biomass intensity in Tamil Nadu. The seasonal NDVI response under non-vegetated/barren land class and moderate vegetation class was well related to shortage of dry spell and deficiency in precipitation that occurs due to abrupt changes in climate within the season. While the seasonal rainfall distribution over the land covers suggested that, compared to Kharif season, Rabi season received maximum amount of rainfall in Tamil Nadu during the cropping season of 2017. However, it was also observed that due fluctuation in intensity and duration of rainfall, the seasonal rainfall distribution over the land covers suggested that, compared to Kharif season, Rabi season received maximum amount of rainfall in Tamil Nadu during the cropping season of 2017.
Highlights
Temporal and spatial variations in vegetation distribution and growth require continuous evaluation of land use and land cover change detection
The different stages of crop health condition based on the vegetation biomass and chlorophyll concentration of different land covers, NDVI profile were grouped into five classes for Kharif season and Rabi season
The swamp forest area consisting of mangrove forests that are located along the coastal areas shows 43.32 per cent of the area under NDVI class of 0.0 to 0.2, where the available moisture tends to bring down NDVI values near to zero
Summary
Temporal and spatial variations in vegetation distribution and growth require continuous evaluation of land use and land cover change detection. Changes in landscape dynamics for a sustainable management action requires better understanding of the variation within the ecosystem. The variations within the ecosystem can be attributed to the response of vegetation cover in terms of timing, duration and density to the inter-annual variations in climate (Stephenson, 1990). Among the climatic factors that contribute to temporal and spatial; variations in vegetation, temperature and precipitation are the described to be most important factors (Yamaguchi, 2001). At broader scale, precipitation plays the dominant role in controlling the plant growth in drier part a region whereas temperature plays a domination role in colder regions in determining the vegetation growth (Martiny et al, 2006). While a monthly-derived data can be used can be suggested to reveal the relationship between vegetation indices and climate change variables, numerous studies have been carried out in the past to examine the relationship between vegetation variation and climate change at various temporal and spatial scale from years to decade (Yang et al, 1998) and from region to global level (Nicholson and Farrar, 1994)
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