Evaluation of modified fixed dose four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate for warfarin reversal.

Abstract

Non-activated four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) has emerged as the preferred reversal strategy for patients on warfarin with life-threatening bleeding. Current dosing recommendations for 4F-PCC require pre-treatment international normalized ratio (INR) and bodyweight values, resulting in ordering and administration delays. Studies have shown that alternative dosing regimens are safe and efficacious. This retrospective, single-center, pre- and post-protocol analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of a pharmacist driven modified fixed-dose 4F-PCC regimen versus package insert weight- and INR-based dosing regimen for warfarin reversal. The primary outcome was achievement of INR less than two. Secondary outcomes included dose and cost of 4F-PCC, a time analysis, incidence of concomitant vitamin K administration, and incidence of thrombosis within seven days of 4F-PCC. There were 195 patients included in the analysis, with 74 in the pre-cohort and 121 in the post-cohort. Baseline characteristics were similar between cohorts with the most common indication for warfarin use being atrial fibrillation (48.6% versus 47.1%) and reversal being intracerebral hemorrhage (68.9% versus 43.0%). Achievement of the primary endpoint occurred in 92% versus 95% (p = 0.097) of patients. A statistically significant difference was seen between cohorts regarding median dose and cost of 4F-PCC administered (p < 0.001). Eleven thromboembolic events occurred with three events in the pre-cohort and eight events in the post-cohort (p = 0.453). A fixed-dose of 1500IU of 4F-PCC was effective in reversing INR to less than two in most patients regardless of reversal indication with minimal thrombotic risks.