Abstract
The genetic diversity of 23 chickpea accessions representing Kyrgyz landraces and cultivars, ICARDA breeding lines, Spanish and Turkish cultivars was characterized using nine microsatellite (SSR) markers which generated a total of 122 alleles. The number of alleles (Na) per locus varied from 9 to 20. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged between 0.05 and 0.43 (average 0.13) whereas both the expected heterozygosity (He) and polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.71 to 0.90 (average 0.83). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 62% of the total genetic variation was found within accessions while the remaining 38% was found among accessions. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicated the presence of two groups. The two Kyrgyz cultivars were found apart from these groups. Cluster analysis generally confirmed the results of PCoA and also separated the Kyrgyz cultivars from the subcluster formed by Kyrgyz landraces and the subclusters formed by breeding lines from ICARDA along with landraces from Turkey and Spain. In addition, protein content and mineral concentration were determined. Protein content and mineral concentrations for Ca, S, Mg, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn varied significantly among accessions. The results show that Kyrgyz germplasm provides a source of diversity for improvement of chickpea.
Highlights
The genetic diversity of 23 chickpea accessions representing Kyrgyz landraces and cultivars, ICARDA breeding lines, Spanish and Turkish cultivars was characterized using nine microsatellite (SSR) markers which generated a total of 122 alleles
Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 62% of the total genetic variation was found within accessions while the remaining 38% was found among accessions
Cluster analysis generally confirmed the results of Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and separated the Kyrgyz cultivars from the subcluster formed by Kyrgyz landraces and the subclusters formed by breeding lines from ICARDA along with landraces from Turkey and Spain
Summary
The genetic diversity of 23 chickpea accessions representing Kyrgyz landraces and cultivars, ICARDA breeding lines, Spanish and Turkish cultivars was characterized using nine microsatellite (SSR) markers which generated a total of 122 alleles. Chickpea is the third most important grain legume protein source in the world with a gross production of 10.9 million t grown on 12 million ha. The large-seeded type reached India via the Afghan capital about two centuries ago This ‘route’ explains the given name ‘Kabuli’ or kabuli chana (chana ϭ chickpea) in Hindi (VAN DER MAESEN 1972). There have been many investigations on the nutritional quality of food legumes (IQBAL et al 2006; SHARMA et al 2013), their chemical composition and mineral element content (EREIFEJ et al 2001), as well as physiochemical, cooking, instrumental textural and roasting characteristics (KAUR et al 2005), phytic acid and mineral micronutrients (BUECKERT et al 2011), calcium concentration in chickpea seeds (ABBO et al 2000), and evaluation of the micronutrient composition (THAVARAJAH and THAVARAJAH 2012).
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