Abstract
The suitability of bovine and swine teeth has been evaluated when they are used as substitutes for extracted human teeth in varied researches. This study evaluated in vitro the marginal microleakage in human, bovine and swine enamel. Cubic cavities (2 x 2 x 2 mm3) were prepared in enamel blocks from human, swine and bovine teeth. The cavities were filled with composite resin and conventional glass-ionomer cement. All the samples were thermocycled for 1,000 cycles (5 +/- 2 degrees C - 55 +/- 2 degrees C) and immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 12 hours. The microleakage was quantified by a spectrophotometric technique. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. The glass-ionomer cement presented significantly higher leakage means (microg/ml +/- SD) than the composite resin for all substrates (0.0695 +/- 0.01313 vs. 0.0471 +/- 0.0163, p < 0.01). No significant differences were found between bovine and swine enamel (0.0668 +/- 0.0246 vs. 0.0674 +/- 0.0286); however, both presented statistically higher leakage means than human enamel (0.0407 +/- 0.0195, p < 0.01). It was concluded that the microleakage pattern was affected by substrates, and that bovine and swine substrates allow higher marginal leakage than human substrates. The results indicate there should be precaution in the substitution of human substrate in laboratory studies of microleakage.
Highlights
Non-carious extracted human teeth are becoming difficult to obtain due to the progress in conservative dental treatments
There was no significant difference for the interaction restorative material vs. substrates
Swine and bovine groups showed no significant differences between each other (Table 1)
Summary
Non-carious extracted human teeth are becoming difficult to obtain due to the progress in conservative dental treatments. Two substrates have been reported in literature for laboratory studies: human and bovine teeth. Because of their availability as well as their larger size, have been used as substitutes for human substrate. The teeth of all mammals appear to be very similar on a histochemical and anatomic basis[12,26,29]. Different statements were found in the related literature about the applicability of bovine and other substrates. The number and diameter of dentinal tubules in teeth of experimental animals used in dental
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