Abstract
Microplastic particles are a burgeoning population crisis in the marine environment. This research examines the emission of microfibers from three different jeans (garments) during domestic washing. The jeans types, washing temperature, washing duration, spin speed, detergent types, and addition of conditioner are the main factors for this research work. The average length and diameter of the microfibers for the 100% PET jeans (jeans-P) has 7800 ± 4000 μm and 11.9±3.2 μm and for polyester/cotton jeans (jeans-PB) has 4900 ± 2200 μm 17.4±4.8 μm, respectively. The maximum microfiber released was observed in the rigorous washing treatment (90 min, 60°C, 1400 rpm, powder detergent with the presence of conditioner). The surmised number of microfibers discharged from the 1 kg wash load of jeans-P was calculated within the extent of 2300000–4900000 microfibers, and it is varied by the washing treatments.
Highlights
Microplastics have contaminated the environment including water sources such as the ocean and the lakes (Browne et al 2011; Thompson 2013)
It is very difficult to measure, due to the entanglement of fibers in which some are strongly bound together
It is concluded that the jeans types, washing temperature, washing duration, spin speed, detergent types, and addition of conditioner strongly influence the microfiber generations
Summary
Microplastics have contaminated the environment including water sources such as the ocean and the lakes (Browne et al 2011; Thompson 2013). Microplastics are synthetic solid particles that have different forms which include microflakes, microbeads, and microfibers (Dervishi 2019). The sources of microfibers in the textile industry are clothing as well as nonclothing applications such as mattresses (Thompson and Olse 2004; Wagner et al 2014). These microfibers are observed in both freshwater and marine environment (Neves et al 2015). Huge quantities of microplastics were found in nonindustrialized places like Niue, Arutanga, Fiji
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