Evaluation of Microbe-Enriched Organic Fertilizer on Three Hybrid Corn (Zea Mays L.) Varieties in Swamp Land

Abstract

Lowland areas are characterized by poor soil fertility and low nutrient content, making them suboptimal for agriculture. However, these lands have the potential to be developed for agricultural purposes, particularly for cultivating hybrid corn plants. To enhance production, organic fertilizers enriched with Azospirilium microbes and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (BPF) are utilized, along with the planting of superior varieties that are tolerant to lowland conditions. Azospirilium microbes play a crucial role in providing nitrogen (N) nutrients through the nitrogenase enzyme, while BPF contributes phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrients through the phosphatase enzyme. This combination of nutrients is essential for hybrid corn plants to thrive and produce effectively. The research conducted in Pulau Semambu Village, North Inderalaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency, from January to April 2023, employed a field experiment method using a Factorial Randomized Block Design with 9 treatment combinations repeated 3 times. The study involved three varieties (Pioneer 21, Bisi 816, Pertiwi) and three organic fertilizer dosages (100 kg/ha, 300 kg/ha, 500 kg/ha). The highest yield was achieved by applying 300 kg/ha of microbe-enriched organic fertilizer in combination with the Bisi 816 variety, resulting in a yield of 4.24 kg/plot or 5.65 tonnes/ha. This result represented a 60% increase compared to the Pioneer 21 variety treated with 100 kg/ha of microbial-enriched organic fertilizer.