Evaluation of Maxillofacial Trauma in Saudi Arabia using Computed Tomography

Abstract

Background: Trauma to the maxillofacial region can lead to severe complications such as sinuses obstruction, intracranial injuries, and vision loss. Computed tomography has a critical rule for early evaluation of the maxillofacial region. This study aimed to evaluate the findings that occur due to maxillofacial injuries using computed tomography (CT). Material and Method: A total of 200 facial CT patients were retrospectively examined, extending from January 2019 to January 2020. 140 slice CT systems (Siemens Medical system) were applied to investigate patients with maxillofacial trauma at three hospitals in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Results: Out of the 200 maxillofacial traumas, Maxilla fractures were found in 71 patients (35%), and Nasal fractures were found in 56 patients (28%). Various maxillofacial fractures were seen, including Frontal, Zygomatic, Ethmoidal, Mandible, Temporal, and Parietal and Orbital bone. The adults ranged from 20 to 39 years were more commonly affected; maxillofacial fractures were more prevalent in men. Conclusion: various maxillofacial fractures were identified during a facial CT scan, and approximately one-third were male. The maxilla bone was the most common site of the fracture, followed by the nasal bone. Therefore, CT is essential for the patient with maxillofacial trauma for early management to avoid any complications for the patient.