Abstract
BackgroundWe performed maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the crestal approach and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and a long-term evaluation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsTwenty-three patients (30 implants) underwent sinus floor augmentation using the osteotome technique. Subjects underwent CBCT imaging before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at follow-up (≥ 3 years after surgery). We measured the changes in height of the augmented sinus floor (SL), the augmented bone above apex of the implant (BH), and the implant length that projected into the sinus (IL).ResultsThe mean SL decreased from 6.54 ± 1.51 (immediately after surgery) to 3.11 ± 1.35 mm (follow-up). The mean BH decreased from 3.17 ± 0.97 to − 0.25 ± 1.19 mm; the maxillary sinus floor in many implants was near the apex at follow-up. The SL at follow-up showed a strong correlation with the IL (p = 0.0057).ConclusionsOsteotome sinus floor elevation with beta-tricalcium phosphate was clinically effective. Cone-beam computed tomography analysis revealed that ≥ 3 years after surgery, the maxillary sinus floor was near the apex of the implant.
Highlights
We performed maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the crestal approach and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and a long-term evaluation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)
Patients were excluded from the study if they met the following criteria: (1) were edentulous, due to the expected impact of the postoperative use of dentures; (2) required large-scale bone transplants or enlargement of bone width, such as onlay graft and guided bone regeneration, at the same time as maxillary sinus floor augmentation; (3) had an immune-related disease such as diabetes, osteoporosis, or rheumatoid arthritis; (4) were taking bisphosphonate; (5) had an underlying disease such as chronic maxillary sinusitis; (6) had otolaryngological problems; (7) had other unmanaged systemic diseases; or (8) were smokers
Surgical methods After preoperative examination, subjects underwent maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the crestal approach at the same time as implant placement (BAOSFE)
Summary
We performed maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the crestal approach and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and a long-term evaluation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). As the maxillary sinus floor approaches the alveolar crest, bone augmentation with maxillary sinus floor augmentation may be necessary when placing an implant in an atrophied maxillary molar region. Maxillary sinus floor augmentation with various prosthetic bone materials has been introduced to reduce invasion, but the long-term prognosis of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with βTCP and absorption changes in graft material is unknown. Problems with traditional medical CT include high radiation exposure and poor spatial resolution compared to CBCT. These problems have been resolved due to the development of CBCT, which allows for more accurate linear and volume measurements [7, 8]
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