Abstract
In mass housing apartments, the comfort and quality of living conditions may be adversely affected by wind and noise especially on balconies, terraces, gardens and around swimming pools etc. The quantitative and empirical testing of building models according to physical conditions with regard to wind and noise parameters directly affects the formation of buildings in the design process. In this paper, two cities (Istanbul and Diyabakır), which are selected from two different climatic zones in Turkey are considered as examples to create maximum comfortable usage areas depending on wind and noise effects. For mass housing settlement scenarios, common comfortable areas in terms of wind and noise were determined by using Urbawind and soundplan softwares. The relevant data and acceptance criteria related to wind and noise and applied procedure are presented in the work. Performed studies show, if the settlements have dominant wind and noise directions, it is possible to find solutions using the geometric properties of the settlement in terms of wind and noise. In general, better comfort results appear in alternatives with L-C-U shaped design features rather than point-type and linear block layouts.
Highlights
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The schematic procedure to determine the common comfortable areas in terms of wind and noise is given in Figure 7 an example for 3 floors, for an A15 type settlement
For Diyarbakır, especially for point-type blocks and discrete linear-type settlements, the common comfortable area percentages drop to below 10% in 75 Leq dB(A)of compared to 20–30% for wind-weighted 55 and 65 Leq dB(A) noise levels
Summary
The size of a unit house that will be used is taken as 150 sqm. This is the upper size limit of a residential zone determined by Turkey Housing Development Fund (Prime Ministry Housing... 1997). In order to demonstrate the accuracy of the results obtained in this study, noise map of a part of mass housing located along a road with heavy traffic was prepared, noise level calculations was made at some points and compared with noise level measurements. Comfort maps were created for 25 settlement alternatives in Istanbul and Diyarbakir according to different number of floors, noise levels and activity type. The schematic procedure to determine the common comfortable areas in terms of wind and noise is given in Figure 7 an example for 3 floors, for an A15 type settlement.
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