EVALUATION OF MARE FAMILIES OF ORLOV’S TROTTER OF UKRAINIAN POPULATION HORSES

Abstract

It was found that the domestic population of horses of the Orlov’s Trotter breed is 465 individuals, including mares of reproductive age - only 193, which indicates a significant limitation of this breed. The most numerous uterine families by number of successors: Vorozheyka and Fatma (8.3% in the uterine composition), Rumba (7.8% in the uterine composition) and Cadetka (7.3% in the uterine composition). Only 12 mares (6.2%) belong to a small number of uterine families, numbering 1-2 mares (Aristocratka, Kaluga, Pusti, Damochka, Zib, Lelya, Levitsa, Panika, Pika). The analyzed uterine families number from 3 to 10 generations from the ancestor to the representatives of the modern uterine composition. Evaluation of mare families on a set of breeding traits found that the highest liveliness at a classical distance of 1600 m on average characterized mares belonging to the uterine families of Lena (2.11,4 ± 0,65 min), Uh-Kakaya (2.12.2±0,28 min), Dosujaya (2.13,4±0,18 min), Barvikha (2.15,3±0,41 min), Vorojeyka (2.15,7±0,15 min), Cadetka (2.15,8± 0,22 min). The quietest mares belong to the parent families of Povest, Evil, Molodytsa, Kaleria. Mares from the mare families of Lena, Vorojeyka and Molodytsa differ in terms of measurement indicators. They are characterized by high stature, elongated body shape, typical of the harness type of horses, bulky chest. In terms of wrist circumference, all assessed mares do not exceed 20.8 cm, which indicates an insufficient level of skeletal development and, accordingly, is not negatively affected by agility. By dividing into gradations by liveliness classes, it was established that mares of the Orlov’s Trotter breed of the Ukrainian population of liveliness class 2.05 min and more vigorous were not detected. Of all tested mares (76.2 %), only 12.2 % have a high liveliness class of 2.10 min or more. However, mares of low liveliness class (2.30,1 min and quieter) are few - 10.9 %. The predominant number of mares have an average liveliness class of 2.10,1-2.20 min (55.1 %) and 2.20,1-2,30 min (21.8 %). Almost a quarter of mares (23.8 %) remain untested, which negatively affects the selection process. Most mares of high vitality class belong to the parent families: Barvikha, Dan’, Dosuzhaya, Rumba, Uh-Kakaya.