Abstract
Stainless steels are widely applied in corrosive environments requiring high mechanical strength. Thus, this material is applicable to the petroleum, gas and petrochemical industries in general. Because they are widely used, it is important to work these materials in a different manufacturing process, in order to reach the desired shapes and dimensions for parts and components. With regard to the behavior of this class of materials when subjected to machining processes, they are defined as low machinability and due to this characteristics, it becomes essential to determine machining forces evaluated in each process, since they define the power required for machines. In addition, it is possible to optimize cutting parameters in order to increase tool life and /or improve surface quality of the machined parts based on the cutting forces. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze how different cutting parameters (cutting speed and feed per tooth), lubrication condition and tool wear might affect machining forces and surface roughness of the AISI 304 in top milling operations. The results demonstrate that the feed per tooth has a greater impact on the increase of the machining forces. In terms of lubrication, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) has shown to be the best choice upon the dry machining setup, since lower milling forces have been acquired and tool life has been expanded.
Highlights
With regard to the behavior of this class of materials when subjected to machining processes, they are defined as low machinability and due to this characteristics, it becomes essential to determine machining forces evaluated in each process, since they define the power required for machines
The current work evaluates how the cutting parameters, lubrication condition and tool wear can influence the machining forces and their impact on the surface integrity of AISI 304 austenitic stainless-steel workpieces machined by top milling method
Machining forces measurements were analyzed using a dynamometer manufactured by Kistler Instrument AG, Model 30 9257 BA, coupled to the Diplomat 3001 milling machine
Summary
Stainless steels have great applicability in the aeronautics, aerospace, biomedical, and mechanical industries in general This material is widely applied under conditions requiring high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance [1]. Lower cutting force is required for machining operations which decreases the surface roughness. [4], point out from their experiment that feed rate has a greater influence on the values for the surface roughness than the cutting speed Another element that has great impact on the cutting forces is tool wear, which may intensify the cutting forces as tool wear progresses. The current work evaluates how the cutting parameters, lubrication condition and tool wear can influence the machining forces and their impact on the surface integrity of AISI 304 austenitic stainless-steel workpieces machined by top milling method
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