Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities of the methanol extract of aerial part of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) Benth. S. Moore. Methods: The methanol extract of Crassocephalum crepidioides was prepared by organic solvent extraction (Maceration) and assessed for in vitro antioxidant activity using various methods, namely, 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, total phenol and flavonoid content and reducing capacity. The extract was also evaluated for antihyperlipidemic activity in high-fat diet and triton WR-100 (iso-octyl polyoxyethylene phenol)-induced hyperlipidemic albino rats by evaluating serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) level and atherogenic index (AI). Results: The plant extract showed significant antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. In highfat diet hyperlipedemic rats, the extract significantly reduced ( p < 0.01 or 0.001) serum TC, TG, LDL-c and VLDL-c levels, but significantly increased ( p < 0.05) serum HDL c level. In triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats, the extract significantly reduced ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001) serum TC, TG, LDLc, VLDL-c levels but significantly increased ( p < 0.05) serum HDL-c level. The extract showed significant reduction ( p < 0.01) in AI at 300 mg /kg/day dose in both high fat-induced (1.70 ± 0.25) and tritoninduced (1.5 ± 0.17) hyperlipidemic albino rats. Conclusion: Based on these findings, the extract of Crassocephalum crepidioides aids in lowering hyperlipidemia in rats. This is probably due to its antioxidant activity. Keywords: Antioxidant, Antihyperlipidemic, Crassocephalum crepidioides , Triton WR-100, Atherogenic index
Highlights
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite radicals, play an important role in oxidative stress related to pathogenesis of various important diseases [1]
Phytochemical profile The qualitative phytochemical profile of the extract shows the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and reducing sugar (Table 1)
The extract did not produce a significant change in animal behavior or mortality
Summary
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite radicals, play an important role in oxidative stress related to pathogenesis of various important diseases [1]. Some of them constitute the repair systems for biomolecules that are damaged by the attack of free radicals [3]. Antioxidants from plant materials terminate the action of free radicals, thereby protecting the body from various diseases [4]. OxidizedLDL can damage endothelial cells and induce the expression of adhesion molecules such as Pselectin and chemotactic factors such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macrophage colony stimulating factor. These processes lead to the tethering, activation, and attachment of monocytes and T- lymphocytes to the endothelial cells [5,6]. There is evidence that macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions express myeloperoxidase that yields a unique pattern of protein oxidation products. Natural products with antioxidant potential have been proposed as effective in the treatment of metabolic syndrome like insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, altered lipid profile, and hypertension [8,9,10]
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