Abstract
The article presents the results of the study of strawberry varieties in winter hardiness, yield, resistance to diseases and pests. The research was carried out in 2020-2021 in the Federal Scientific Selection and Technology Center for Horticulture. The objects of study were 15 varieties of garden strawberries of various genetic origin. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the varieties of garden strawberries in the conditions of the Orenburg region for winter hardiness, productivity, resistance to diseases and pests and to identify the best for breeding. As a result of two-year studies of the resistance of strawberry varieties to low temperatures of the winter period, winter-hardy varieties were identified Aleksandrina, Dukat, Elliot, Orlec, Najdena Dobraya, Rubinovyj Kulon, Desnyanka Kokinskaya. Common diseases and pests of strawberries in the Orenburg region are white spot, brown spot, gray rot and strawberry mite. During the years of the study, there was dry hot weather, which contributed to the least development of diseases, but also negatively affected the development of strawberry plants. The defeat of gray rot in the studied varieties was not noted. Field resistance to white spotting was shown by the varieties Orlec, Najdena Dobraya, Daryonka, Baunti, Aleksandrina, Rubinovyj Kulon, Bogota, Troickaya, Desnyanka Kokinskaya, Dukat. The defeat of brown spotting from 0 to 0.3 points was noted in the varieties Rubinovyj Kulon, Desnyanka Kokinskaya. Aleksandrina, Najdena Dobraya. According to yield records, the following varieties were distinguished: Bogota (11,1 t/ga), Troickaya (10,9 t/ga), Daryonka and Dukat (10,3 t/ga), Aleksandrina (9,7 t/ga), Elliot (9,5 t/ga), Desnyanka Kokinskaya (9,4 t/ga), Kalinka (9,3 t/ga). According to the results of the evaluation of strawberry varieties, the starting material for breeding in the Orenburg region can be varieties Aleksandrina, Najdena Dobraya, Rubinovyj Kulon, Desnyanka Kokinskaya. Daryonka, Bogota, Troickaya.
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