Abstract
This research evaluates the presence of long memory or long-term dependence on the Malaysian exchange rate. Daily, weekly and monthly data are evaluated against the US dollar (USD) covering from January 2005 to March 2018. Evaluation of long memory is based on the Geweke and Porter-Hudak estimation and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation. The result suggests the presence of long memory on all the daily, weekly and monthly data. Results show that shock on the Malaysian exchange rate persist longer than expected. The forecast capability also concludes that addition of the long memory presence from ARIMA model to ARFIMA model could improve the model forecast.
Highlights
IntroductionStudent academic performance is important either to student itself or to a country development
Student academic performance is important either to student itself or to a country development. This is because one of the component for a high ranking university is based on its excellent record of academic performances
The dataset used for this study was taken from Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM)
Summary
Student academic performance is important either to student itself or to a country development. This is because one of the component for a high ranking university is based on its excellent record of academic performances. Students who get a better result in higher learning institution are more likely to be employed and have high salaries. Based on the previous literature, there are a lot of definitions on student’s performance. Mat et al (2013) stated that student’s performance can be obtained by measuring the learning assessment and co-curriculum. Most of the studies mentioned about graduation being the measure of student’s success
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