Evaluation of locally delivered 1.2% Atorvastatin gel versus 2% Evaluation of locally delivered 1.2% Atorvastatin gel versus 2% melatonin gel as adjunctive to non-surgical periodontal therapy on melatonin gel as adjunctive to non-surgical periodontal therapy on GCF osteocalcin level in stage II periodontitis patients: a GCF osteocalcin level in stage II periodontitis patients: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: Atorvastatin (ATV) and melatonin have antioxidant and anti- inflammatory properties and were suggested to have positive effect when used in periodontitis cases. In periodontitis, osteocalcin (OC) was suggested to be a bone formation marker. Regarding bone turnover in periodontium, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) osteocalcin levels are more accurate than salivary or serum levels. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of local delivery of ATV gel and melatonin gel as adjuncts to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of stage II periodontitis patients. Subjects and method: Thirty-six patients having stage II periodontitis were included in this study. They were divided into three groups: SRP plus placebo gel, SRP plus 1.2% ATV gel and SRP plus melatonin gel. Clinical parameters (Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Depth (PD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL)) were recorded and GCF samples to assess the osteocalcin level were collected at baseline and at 3 months follow up. Results: All three groups showed statistically significant changes in all clinical parameters, PI, GI, PD and CAL. However, these changes were more significant in the ATV and melatonin groups. Reduction in OC was only significant in the ATV and melatonin groups. Melatonin group showed greater mean OC reduction level than the ATV group at 3 months follow up. Conclusion: The adjunctive use of topical ATV gel and melatonin gel with nonsurgical periodontal therapy have showed to be effective in treatment of stage II periodontitis patients. Melatonin gel proved to be more potent in reducing the OC level in the GCF than the ATV gel.