Evaluation of Levels of Urea and Creatinine, Comorbidity and Socioeconomic Status in Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Nephropathy occurs in 10±40% of patients who have Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus [1±3]. The development of diabetic nephropathy cannot be explained by poor glycaemic control alone. Objectives: To determine the frequency, association of diabetes with gender, correlation of diabetes duration with urea and creatinine, co morbidity, socioeconomic status renal disease in diabetic patients. Methods: The study was carried out in Mayo Hospital. A total of 100 patients were included in this study from 1st November 2019 to 31st January 2020. Blood samples were collected from diabetic people for chemical analysis to determine the protein and Urea Creatinine Ratio (UCR). RFTs was done to calculate the urea/creatinine values and their ratios. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS software version 13. Results: The ratio of male and female diabetic patients was 60:40. Mean age of male diabetic patients was 53.67 years and of female diabetic patients was 50.42 years. Frequency of renal diseases in diabetic patients was 55%. A significant p-value was obtained from the correlation of duration of diabetes (yrs) with urea and creatinine (mg%). Frequency of co-morbidity in all diabetic patients was measured and the highest frequency was of heart diseases. Conclusions: We conclude that diabetes is the single main and leading cause of renal diseases. It is clear that diabetic kidney disease is becoming a problem in Pakistan. As long as the duration of diabetes increases there will be more chances of renal disease so the proper diagnose at time and management is very necessary.