Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function by speckle tracking echocardiography in type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Speckle tracking echocardiography can early detect left ventricular systolic dysfunction even when normal ejection fraction. The study aims to evaluate left ventricular systolic function by Speckle tracking echocardiography and its correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients; Materials and method: Controlled cross-sectional descriptive study in 60 subjects (30 in type 2 diabetic patients and 30 controls) at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Data collection: age, sex, time to detect diabetes, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid blood, traditional Doppler echocardiographic parameters, values of left ventricular longitudinal strain in 2-chamber, 3-chamber, 4-chamber view and value of total left ventricular longitudinal strain; Results: Type 2 diabetic patients had 2-chamber longitudinal strain (-17.01 ± 3.26%), 3-chamber longitudinal strain (-16.41 ± 3.69%), 4-chamber longitudinal strain (-18.46 ± 3.23%, global longitudinal strain (-17.31 ± 2.87%), was lower than control group (p < 0.05). The global longitudinal strain was positively correlated with diabetes duration (r = 0.3), heart rate (r = 0.3), systolic blood pressure (r=0.4), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.4), fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.4), HbA1c (r = 0.4) (p < 0.05); Conclusion: Type 2 diabetic patients have reduced global longitudinal strain. The reduction of global longitudinal strain was correlated with diabetes duration, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c. Key words: diabetes, speckle tracking echocardiography, left ventricular ejection fraction, global longitudinal strain, cardiovascular risk factors.