Evaluation of Landfill Site Selection by Combining Fuzzy Tools in GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: A Case Study in Diyarbakır, Turkey

Abstract

Solid waste disposal is one of the important environmental and socioeconomic problems faced by city managers with the increase in urban population. To overcome this problem, landfilling is a common and effective solution used by municipalities frequently. This study aims to assess and identify suitable potential areas for municipal solid waste disposal. For this purpose, a criteria determination and evaluation commission consisting of experts from various institutions and disciplines was established. Fourteen criteria, including environmental, economic and sociocultural sensitivities, were selected via the experience of an expert team and a wide literature search. The criteria used in this study were standardized by using fuzzy membership functions and feature values turned into continuous values. The Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method, in which expert opinions are effective, was used to determine the criterion weights. A site suitability map was obtained by using the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method with standardized thematic maps and the criterion weight variables. As a result of this study, 3.44% of the total study area was determined suitable for a solid waste storage area. These determined areas were found in different locations of study and numbered on the map and each of them was selected as an alternative storage area candidate. Developed methodology was validated via exploration and observation of candidate areas by the expert team. The proposed methodology can be used for similar scale cities with its ease of use, flexibility and expert opinion.