Abstract
Different generations (G3-G4) of amine-terminated Jeffamine® T-403 core poly(amidoamine) PAMAM dendrimers (JCPDs) were used as new macromolecular heavy metal chelating agent templates in polymer assisted ultrafiltration (PAUF) for the investigation of their removal ability for some of the divalent metal ions: Cu, Co, Ni, Cd, and Zn from aqueous solutions under competitive conditions. The effects of pH and generation size of JCPDs were also investigated. Extent of binding (EOB) data can be appropriately expressed by a tetradentate coordination for JCPDs at pH 9 where the maximum removal of metal ions was observed. At pH 9.0, the affinity of both generations towards heavy metal ions was also observed in the decreasing order of Zn(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II) > Cu(II) > Cd(II). Results revealed that the highest total binding capacity was observed for G3-NH2 (262.79 ± 1.62 mg/g) as a little bit higher than that of G4-NH2 (257.27 ± 2.57 mg/g). EOB studies also proved the active contribution of amide groups to metal binding ability of PAMAMs. Both generations were selective towards Cu(II) ions at lower pH 5 and pH 7. From these results, it was concluded that studied JCPDs have the desired technical properties to be used for the removal of toxic metals from wastewaters.
Highlights
Toxic, divalent heavy metal ions are the main contaminants of the surface, ground, and coastal water systems that lead to water contamination throughout the world.[1,2] These pollutants are found in wastewaters from various chemical manufacturing, mining, coating, extractive metallurgy and nuclear and other industries, and greatly threaten the health of human populations and natural ecosystems.Water free or decontaminated from toxic chemicals and pathogens is fundamental for human health and as raw material for many industries
The performance of different generations of JCPDs in removing some of the divalent heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions was investigated in this paper
The highest heavy metal ion removal or binding capacity was observed for G3-NH2
Summary
Divalent heavy metal ions are the main contaminants of the surface, ground, and coastal water systems that lead to water contamination throughout the world.[1,2] These pollutants are found in wastewaters from various chemical manufacturing, mining, coating, extractive metallurgy and nuclear and other industries, and greatly threaten the health of human populations and natural ecosystems.Water free or decontaminated from toxic chemicals and pathogens is fundamental for human health and as raw material for many industries. One of which is adsorbents such as ion exchange resins and activated charcoal, have been used extensively as an industrial research subject for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters.[7] These materials have several drawbacks depending on their low selectivity, wide distribution and heterogeneity of pore size and structure for heavy metals. In this point, nanotechnology offers innovative solutions to prevent water contamination. Previous investigations have indicated that the treatment with nanomaterials as chelating agents to remove metal ions from water enhances its Ertürk et al.: Evaluation of Jeffamine® Core PAMAM Dendrimers
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