Evaluation of Iron Status in Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Abstract

Background: Iron deficiency is very common in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. It plays a significant role in the causation of anemia. Both the absolute and functional iron deficiency are associated with increased cardiovascular hospitalization and overall mortality in these group of patients. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the iron status in non-dialysis CKD patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka medical college, Dhaka from the period of July 2018 to June 2019. In this study, thirty non-dialysis CKD patients were taken from the Department of Nephrology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. For better assessment another age and sex matched thirty healthy individuals were also taken. Hemoglobin, serum creatinine, iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TSAT) and ferritin levels of all participants were measured and all values were analyzed statistically. Results: Mean age of the non-dialysis CKD patients was 48.07 ± 12.42 years in this study. All of them were anemic with hemoglobin concentration <11gm/dl. 44% of them had iron deficiency and absolute iron deficiency was predominant which was 27% of the CKD patients. Hypertension was the most common etiology of CKD followed by diabetes mellitus. Serum creatinine and ferritin level were significantly raised in non-dialysis CKD patients than the control group while hemoglobin, serum iron and TSAT were significantly low in non-dialysis CKD patients. Hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with serum creatinine in CKD patients which was significant. Conclusion: Iron deficiency is common in non-dialysis CKD patients where absolute iron deficiency is predominant. Early evaluation of iron deficiency should be done in every CKD patient.