Evaluation of ion content, productivity and essential oil quality of garlic under saline conditions and biochar and polyamine treatments

Abstract

In 2018, a pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance and essential oil quality of garlic under salinity and biochar and polyamine treatments. Results showed that about 18 compounds were identified in garlic bulbs essential oil, some of which only induced by the salt stress, 20 % of biochar and putrescine treatments. Diallyl trisulfide and diallyl disulfide were the major constituents of essential oil. The 1-propenyl methyl disulfide and methyl allyl trisulfide were only induced by salt stress. The butyl propenyl sulfide was only produced in biochar treated plants under salt stress. Application of putrescine stimulated the synthesis of 3-ethenyl-1,2-dithiane and 2-ethenyl-1,3-dithiane under normal condition and 3,5-diethyl-1,2,4, trithiolane under saline conditions. Overall, biochar and polyamines improved growth and essence quality of garlic under salinity, which may have related to sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) reduction and potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), and K+/ Na+ enhancement.