Abstract
In the gene bank variety collection, 15 plum varieties were examined based on morphogenetic and pomological traits. Most cultivars of self-fertilizing or pollinating partners were well-cultivated. In addition to Queston, Stanley, Valor and Verity, towards 11 new cultivars have been experienced in this paper.
 From the observations, it seems that the growth and plantation of Valor, Presenta, Topfive and Bellamira can increase. However, the Top Sugar and Valor fruit sizes are best suited to market requirements. The role of Stanley may be reduced, but there is no reason to replace it. However, the questions of local varieties of domestic origin fall into a different category, and raw materials for quality products are difficult to replace with other varieties.
Highlights
Plum growing in Hungary has been in crisis because it did not receive the support it deserved and required for the improvement of native varieties and, in general, breeding work
In 2002-2003, we planted on type C 679 myrobalan seedling rootstock plum varieties at Cegléd, the Research Institute. 5-5 individuals of each cultivar were included in the observations, which were placed in the order of ripening
We found abnormal flowers among the collections of varieties, and only a few of the 15 plum varieties found apistile and policarpic gynoecium or staminods, sterile anthers etc
Summary
Plum growing in Hungary has been in crisis because it did not receive the support it deserved and required for the improvement of native varieties and, in general, breeding work. After the 180-year-old Hungarian plum variety, the dominance of Stanley, the Čačak and partly the Romanian cultivars appeared. The new German-bred varieties are being introduced, and in all other cases, it will be necessary to look carefully for the few varieties that correspond to the Hungarian eco-geographic conditions, cultivation, consumption and market culture. Neither the varieties of the old breed collections nor the new varieties of the present ones should be susceptible to plum cultivation. The present study seeks to carefully establish the introduction of new varieties and, in justified cases, to disseminate suitable cultivars. It can be observed that variety composition is supported by domestic and foreign nurseries, but we cannot ignore wellfounded and prudent research
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