Abstract
The effectiveness of insoluble xanthate (ISX) and crosslinked starch-graft-polyacrylamide-co-sodium xanthate (CSAX) for Cu(II) removal from wastewater was evaluated. The two types of xanthates were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and elemental analysis. Also, the factors influencing adsorption behaviors of copper ions from aqueous solutions were investigated. The results indicated CSAX had higher absorption capacity for Cu(II) than ISX because it contained more N and S. While as far as the removal efficiency was concerned, ISX was better than CSAX for its strong ligand-CSS- groups. The removal efficiency of Cu(II) onto CSAX and ISX increased with the increase in pH. The mechanism for Cu(II) adsorption was ionic exchange for ISX whereas both ion exchange and physical adsorption contributed to adsorption by CSAX. The adsorption kinetics of ISX and CSAX for Cu(II) were favorably described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherms were described well with the Freundlich isotherm model. The study with synthetic wastewater showed CSAX was a worthwhile alternative to the traditional ISX only when the wastewater contained both Cu(II) and turbidity.
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