Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Jerusalem artichoke processing methods and drying methods (freeze drying, sublimation drying, vacuum drying) on the basic physicochemical parameters, profiles and contents of sugars and polyphenolic compounds, and health-promoting properties (antioxidant activity, inhibition of the activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase) of the produced purée. A total of 25 polyphenolic compounds belonging to hydroxycinnamic phenolic acids (LC-PDA-MS-QTof) were detected in Jerusalem artichoke purée. Their average content in the raw material was at 820 mg/100 g dm (UPLC-PDA-FL) and was 2.7 times higher than in the cooked material. The chemical composition and the health-promoting value of the purées were affected by the drying method, with the most beneficial values of the evaluated parameters obtained upon freeze drying. Vacuum drying could offer an alternative to freeze drying, as both methods ensured relatively comparable values of the assessed parameters.
Highlights
The Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus; (JA)) is a species of sunflower from the genus Helianthus, belonging to the family Asteraceae, and derived from the NorthAmerica
Considering the above, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Jerusalem artichoke processing and drying methods based on the analysis of physicochemical parameters, profiles and contents of sugars and polyphenolic compounds, and health-promoting properties of the produced purée
Both the drying methods and the purée preparation technology statistically significantly affected the ash and pectin contents, while they had no significant effect on the dry matter content, total acidity, and pH (p < 0.05)
Summary
The Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus; (JA)) is a species of sunflower from the genus Helianthus, belonging to the family Asteraceae, and derived from the NorthAmerica. JA is valuable considering its bioactive compounds, such as, e.g., polyphenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, which exhibit strong antioxidant properties, and has been confirmed to elicit antiviral, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic effects [1,5]. As a prebiotic and soluble dietary fiber, inulin contained in JA tubers and stalks (considered to be its richest sources) ensures a hypoglycemic effect in diabetes treatment. Inulin undergoes fermentation by the gut microbiota, affecting the state of eubiosis. It contributes to the increased availability of such minerals as Fe, Mg, and Ca, and influences lipid metabolism [1,6,7]. Taking into account their beneficial effects of providing valuable substances, it is necessary to develop a product with the lowest possible losses of these valuable substances and high storage stability
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