Abstract
While testing regenerative medicine strategies, the use of animal models that match the research questions and that are related to clinical translation is crucial. During the initial stage of evaluating new strategies for bone repair, the main goal is to state whether the strategies efficiently induce the formation of new bone tissue at an orthotopic site. Here, we present a subperiosteal model in rat calvaria that allow the evaluation of a broad range of approaches including bone augmentation, replacement and regeneration. The model is a fast to perform, minimally invasive, and has clearly defined control groups. The procedure enables to evaluate the outcomes quantitatively using micro-computed tomography and qualitatively by histology and immunohistochemistry. We established this new model, using bone morphogenetic protein-2 as an osteoinductive factor and hyaluronic acid hydrogel as injectable biomaterial. We showed that this subperiosteal cranial model offers a minimally invasive and promising solution for a rapid initial evaluation of injectables for bone repair. We believe that this approach could be a powerful platform for orthopedic research and regenerative medicine.
Highlights
Non-union fractures and traumatic bone defects represent severe medical and socio-economic problems
An overarching aim in orthopedics is the development of alternative regenerative medicine therapies that lead to bone augmentation
The procedure was easy to perform by one surgeon, and all constructs were injected at a desired site (Video S1)
Summary
Non-union fractures and traumatic bone defects represent severe medical and socio-economic problems. The development of regenerative medicine strategies for bone tissue from concept to product takes 4–10 years from concept to product and involves a cost of 5–300 million dollars, depending on the regulatory process required [3]. As part of this development process, an evaluation of the approach’s safety and biocompatibility and the associated immunological response, as well as its ability to induce bone formation, can only be achieved in vitro [4] and in animal models [5,6]
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