Abstract
Introduction: Most parts of the plant Clutia abyssinica is traditionally used in different diseases because of their medicinal properties. The roots are widely used traditionally, as diuretic purpose, liver problems, enlarged spleen and kidney problems. The present study was carried out to evaluate the diuretic effect of methanolic extracts of Clutia abyssinica roots in rats in comparison with standard drug furosemide. Methodology: Thirty rats of either sex were randomly allocated into five groups of six each. The rats were pretreated with physiological saline (0.9% NaCl, po) at a dose of 25 ml/kg, to impose uniform water and salt load. The control group received normal saline (20 ml/kg po), the standard group received furosemide (10mg/kg, po) and the test groups were administered different doses of the crude methanolic extract (100, 200 and 400mg/kg, po) respectively and urine was collected from individual rat for a period of 24 hrs. The urine volume and concentration of urine electrolytes were measured. Result: At medium (M200) and maximum (M400) doses of Clutia abyssinica had a significant urine output at the end of 6 hr (p<0.001) and 24hr (p<0.05) when compared with control group. Effect on electrolyte excretion showed in both 6hr and 24hr had an increased natriuresis (p<0.001 for both time of collection) and kaliuresis (p<0.05 for 6hr and p<0.001 for 24hr urine) at M400 dose, while the kaliuresis effect was smaller at M100 doses when compared with standard. The plant was also found to be safe at a maximum dose of 2000 mg/kg for methanolic extracts. Conclusions: These findings indicate that crude extract of Clutia abyssinica roots has good diuretic activity on rat model. However, future studies should focus on its exact mechanisms of action and isolating the phytochemical component(s) responsible for diuresis. Keywords: Diuretics, Clutia abyssinica, natriuretic index, saluretic index
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